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| network_protocol_programming_lab:2_installdebiansd [2020/03/20 08:17] – [Linux] rathke | network_protocol_programming_lab:2_installdebiansd [2022/04/18 16:59] (current) – [Boot the BeagleBone Black] fangenoorth |
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| ====== Debian Installation on SD Card for BeagleBone Black ====== | ====== Debian Installation on SD Card for BeagleBone Black ====== |
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| In order to install Linux on the BeagleBone Black an image of the operating system and a SD Card is needed. The operating system image will be burned on the SD card. Burning will performed at your computer or Laptop, normally a Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X or Linux computer equipped with a SC card reader device. | In order to install Linux on the BeagleBone Black, an image of the operating system and a SD Card is needed. The operating system image will be flashed on the SD card. Flashing will be performed using your computer or laptop, normally a Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X or Linux computer equipped with a SD card reader. |
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| Afterwards the SD card will be plugged in at the BeagleBone Black and Linux will be booted from the SD card. After booting is finished, it is a good advice to update the BeagleBone Black with the news software releases. | Afterwards the SD card will be plugged into the BeagleBone Black and Linux will be booted from the SD card. |
| ===== Getting Debian Image ===== | |
| First, download an image to your computer. I am using the Debian Image //Jessie IOT((Bigger software components like the X-Window system are missing in images with the suffix IOT, resulting in a small thin image compared to images containing nearly the whole Debian distribution. ))// (bone-debian-8.7-iot-armhf-2017-03-19-4gb.img). | ===== Getting the Debian Image ===== |
| | First, download an image to your computer. In this class we will use the Debian Buster IoT((Bigger software components like the X-Window system are missing in images with the suffix IoT, resulting in a small thin image compared to images containing nearly the whole Debian distribution. )) Image (bone-debian-10.3-iot-armhf-2020-04-06-4gb.img). |
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| This image contains: | This image contains: |
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| * Distribution Debian 8.7 (Jessi) | * Distribution Debian 10.3 (Buster) |
| * Linux Kernel Version 4.4.54-ti- revision r93 | * Linux Kernel Version 4.19.94-ti revision r42 |
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| Due to the fact, that the provided images are changing frequently in time and sometimes older images are no more available, this image [[http://kn-pr.tkn.tu-berlin.de/ppl/bone-debian-8.7-iot-armhf-2017-03-19-4gb.img.xz|bone-debian-8.7-iot-armhf-2017-03-19-4gb.img.xz]] is also available at the TKN Web Server. | Download the image [[https://debian.beagleboard.org/images/bone-debian-10.3-iot-armhf-2020-04-06-4gb.img.xz|bone-debian-10.3-iot-armhf-2020-04-06-4gb.img.xz]] from the [[http://beagleboard.org|beagleboard.org]] website. |
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| | If you like newer or other images, you can find them [[https://beagleboard.org/latest-images|here]]. |
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| | In most cases, the image-file is compressed in an archive, indicated by the .xz suffix at the end of the file name (e.g. bone-debian-10.3-iot-armhf-2020-04-06-4gb.img.xz). |
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| If you like newer or other images, you can find them at [[https://beagleboard.org/latest-images|beaglebord.org]]. | |
| In most cases, the image-file is compressed in an archive, indicated by the .xz suffix at the end of the file name (e.g. debian-wheezy-7.2-armhf-3.8.13-bone30.img.xz). | |
| ===== Decompressing and Burning the Debian Image ===== | ===== Decompressing and Burning the Debian Image ===== |
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| In the past the process of decompressing an burning the image was a very complex task. First have to decompress the image with an appropriate compression tool, next the SD card needs some portions with appropriate parameters. These portions need to be formatted. And than the image can be flashed. The tools for this process are depend from the operation system. | In the past the process of decompressing an burning the image was a very complex task. First you had to decompress the image with an appropriate compression tool, next the SD card needed some portions with appropriate parameters. These partitions had to be formatted. And then the image could be flashed. The tools for this process are dependent on the used operation system. |
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| Today the process ist done by a single tool, called balenaEtcher. First, download belenaEtcher from [[https://www.balena.io/etcher/|https://www.balena.io/etcher/]], install and open ist. belenaEtcher is available for Microsoft Windows, Linux and Mac OS X. | Today the process is done by a single tool, called balenaEtcher. First, download belenaEtcher from [[https://www.balena.io/etcher/|https://www.balena.io/etcher/]], install and open ist. belenaEtcher is available for Microsoft Windows, Linux and Mac OS X. |
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| After starting galenaEtcher for following window opens up, similar like this: | After starting balenaEtcher for following window opens up, similar like this: |
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| <imgcaption 1 | balenaEtcher Main Window>{{:network_protocol_programming_lab:BalenaEtcher_main_window.jpeg?500%}}</imgcaption> | <imgcaption 1 | balenaEtcher Main Window>{{:network_protocol_programming_lab:BalenaEtcher_main_window.jpeg?500%}}</imgcaption> |
| <imgcaption 2| balenaEtcher Select Image>{{:network_protocol_programming_lab:balenaEtcher_select_image.jpeg?500%}}</imgcaption> | <imgcaption 2| balenaEtcher Select Image>{{:network_protocol_programming_lab:balenaEtcher_select_image.jpeg?500%}}</imgcaption> |
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| At my computer the image file is located at the download folder. Note, that the image file is in compresses xz Format. The image will be decompressed by balenaEtcher. Now, select the image file and press the open button. | At my computer the image file is located at the download folder. Note, that the image file is in compressed xz Format. The image will be decompressed by balenaEtcher. Now, select the image file and press the open button. |
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| In the nextstep, press the button "Select Target". Now, another windows opens. In this window, you get a selection of devices. Choose the device, where your SD card is plugged in. In my case (see Fit. 3), this is /dev/disk6 the "Apple SDXC Reader Media" device. Now press the "Continue" button. | In the next step, press the button "Select Target". Now, another windows opens. In this window, you get a selection of devices. Choose the device, where your SD card is plugged in. In my case (see Fit. 3), this is /dev/disk6 the "Apple SDXC Reader Media" device. Now press the "Continue" button. |
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| <imgcaption 3| balenaEtcher Select Target>{{:network_protocol_programming_lab:balenaEtcher_select_target.jpeg?500%}}</imgcaption> | <imgcaption 3| balenaEtcher Select Target>{{:network_protocol_programming_lab:balenaEtcher_select_target.jpeg?500%}}</imgcaption> |
| At this point, we have built an SD card with the Linux operating system and can now start booting the BeagleBone Black. | At this point, we have built an SD card with the Linux operating system and can now start booting the BeagleBone Black. |
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| | If you are an experienced linux user you can also manually decompress the image and use a tool like ''dd'' to flash the image in 2 commands. |
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| | ===== Boot the BeagleBone Black ===== |
| | To test, if everything is working correctly you must insert the SD card into the card slot of the BeagleBone Black and boot. During boot, press the "//User Boot//" button (see <imgref image1>). The BeagleBone Black will boot automatically as soon as power is applied. |
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| | **IMPORTANT: First press "//User Boot//" button and then connect the power supply. And NOT the other way round.** |
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| | Otherwise the BeagleBone Black will not boot from your SD card, but from the internal eMMC. |
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| === Boot the BeagleBone Black === | To verify that your Linux image booted successfully, connect to your BeagleBone using one of the described methods in the next wiki page [[network_protocol_programming_lab:2_2_access_general|Accessing the BeagleBone Black]]. |
| To test, if everything is correct you must insert the SD card into the card slot of the BeagleBone Black and boot. During boot, press the "//User Boot//" button (see <imgref image1>). Otherwise the BeagleBone Black will not boot from your SD card, but from the eMMC. Also be sure, that the BeagleBone Black is connected via the Ethernet interface and has access to a DHCP server (a DHCP server is installed at TKN or at home on your DSL router). | |
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| If the boot process is finished, you can establish a ssh connection to the BeagleBone Black. The needed ssh client is already installed at Linux or Mac OS. If you are using MS Windows you have to install a client by yourself. A popular client is Putty, that can be obtain from http://www.putty.org. | |
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| Using Linux or Mac OS, open a terminal application and enter the following command: <code bash>ssh debian@beaglebone</code> | |
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| In the above example a ssh connection to the host **beaglebone** with the userid **debian** will be established. The ssh client will ask you for the password of the user **debian** that is also **debian**. | |
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| For MS Windows users, please follow the instructions of Putty. | |
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| <imgcaption image1 | User Boot>{{:network_protocol_programming_lab:beaglebone-user-boot.png}}</imgcaption> | <imgcaption image1 | User Boot>{{:network_protocol_programming_lab:beaglebone-user-boot.png}}</imgcaption> |
